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Evidence of Giants?

Evidence of Giants?
This is a deep subject so, I'm only going to post my sources of information in a layed out way that I have not seen before. I expect this to be a long post, with important subjects so I will cram them together and it will require some extra clicking on your part if you want to fact check based on my links.
This is speculation and gathered evidence to help everyone come to their own conclusion I am not accusing any organization or party to be responsible, yet am only providing the obvious trails left for us to pick up.
GIGANTISM:
https://preview.redd.it/8w22q2otuh161.jpg?width=640&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=2c24de27b8e155c2966a286cdaef7ff396d741f3
Yes we all know about Gigantism, what causes it? Those with Gigantism have been recoreded to have larger Pinael Glands in the past, today we refer to the as a tumor; "By definition, gigantism must occur during childhood before the growth plates in the long bones of the body (for example, the femur or humerus) have closed. In adults, the condition is called acromegaly. Gigantism is most often caused by a benign tumor on the pituitary gland called a pituitary adenoma. "
I wont go into the pineal gland, thats for you to get into, but that is a very interesting area of your brain and its quite interesting that is the area that causes you to grow to immense size.

RECORDED HEIGHTS:
https://preview.redd.it/dshefi7cvh161.png?width=733&format=png&auto=webp&s=e2c018c375ebe1842b2f950fa8bf0cffcb8d2bbe
This is a wiki list, containing every recorded person who was above 7 Feet, with the max confirmed case to reach (8 ft 11.1 in) , and unconfirmed (11 ft 6 in).
These cases are unique from person to person but is to show the height that humans can reach in our not so distant past, so click below to explore the amazing cases we do have available to research. https://wikivisually.com/wiki/List_of_tallest_people

CYCLOPEAN MASONRY:
https://preview.redd.it/gg5uufm5rh161.png?width=400&format=png&auto=webp&s=0538277af59bc7e0d95a36713c56f0595279a195
'Cyclopean masonry is a type of stonework…built with massive…boulders, roughly fitted together with minimal clearance between adjacent stones and no use of mortar… The term comes from the belief of classical Greeks that only the mythical Cyclopes had the strength to move the enormous boulders…' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclopean_masonry#:~:text=Cyclopean%20masonry%20is%20a%20type,or%20no%20use%20of%20mortar.

EGYPT: I was pretty surprised seeing these photos which is what initially got me interested in this subject and finding all their sources proved more difficult than one would think.
Unknown Source: This came up with 1,875 results when I reverse image search, attempting to find the origin of this photo and every single website I click was shutdown, no idea why but I have posted my tineye results if you want to try :)
Theres a couple things off in this, first off they are grabbing birds as if they can reach the sky, second you can see another person underneath.
https://preview.redd.it/d0b1fxqiyh161.jpg?width=1600&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=1f2c244d416b83ed0718fc3616e5a3d6aadd90d8
https://tineye.com/search/655ed41dc7a2aef78aff611fa8c767a9c09cae16?sort=score&order=desc&page=1
Egypt Thebes, wall painting of winnowing in the tomb of Menna, tomb no 69, circa 1422-1411 BC
https://preview.redd.it/akaxn2pqxh161.png?width=331&format=png&auto=webp&s=a2b1f28fc4f5ed1eac137fc1c36dcb588366e6df
http://www.soniahalliday.com/category-view3.php?pri=EG14A-7-17.jpg

The Decorated Areas Belonging to Ptahhotep
Washing a giant
https://osirisnet.net/mastabas/akhethtp_ptahhtp/e_akht_ptah_03.htm
The Tomb of Rekhmire
https://preview.redd.it/lm7n3eic0i161.jpg?width=448&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=fcd020ef34e55991819b25bb02c7b2e2512e1b00
http://www.ancient-egypt.info/2013/09/the-tomb-of-rekhmire.html Again there are almost hundreds of these scattered and I cant spend all day on this topic :) STORIES:
https://preview.redd.it/e8evl5v4vh161.png?width=440&format=png&auto=webp&s=469c91cc70e92dd596b3e0ec0f5e1c62e8d99a77
Throughout history we have had too much claims of giants to just ignore, so lets at least look at the stories of the past.
David & Goliath: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goliath
Patagonian Giants: http://atlanteangardens.blogspot.com/2014/03/the-patagonian-giants.html?spref=pi
Red Haired Giants: https://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends-americas/lovelock-cave-tale-giants-or-giant-tale-fiction-003060
StoneHenge: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_about_Stonehenge
I could go on all day so here is a good collection that will tell more "stories" and folk tales https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_giants_in_mythology_and_folklore https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/gigantes/WEurope3.html
QUOTES (Giants & Cyclopes): "The eyes of that species of extinct giants, whose bones fill the mounds of America, have gazed on Niagara, as ours do now. Contemporary with the whole race of men, and older than the first man, Niagara is strong, and fresh to-day as ten thousand years ago."
— Abraham Lincoln, Mounds Of America (1848)

“For many generations…they obeyed the laws and loved the divine to which they were akin…they reckoned that qualities of character were far more important than their present prosperity. So they bore the burden of their wealth and possessions lightly, and did not let their high standard of living intoxicate them or make them lose their self-control…
But when the divine element in them became weakened…and their human traits became predominant, they ceased to be able to carry their prosperity with moderation.”
―Plato, Timaeus

“A giant helps Merlin build Stonehenge. From a manuscript of the Roman de Brut [1100s] by Wace in the British Library (Egerton 3028). This is the oldest known depiction of Stonehenge.”
―Wikipedia

In Rouen, in 1509, in digging in the ditches near the Dominicans, they found a stone tomb, containing a skeleton whose skull held a bushel of corn, and whose shin bone reached up to the girdle of the tallest man there, being about four feet long; and, consequently, the body must have been seventeen or eighteen feet high. Upon the tomb was a plate of copper, whereon was engraved, ‘In this tomb lies the noble and puissant lord, the Chevalier Ricon De Vallemont, and his bones.’
— John Platts, Encyclopedia of Natural and Artificial Wonders and Curiosities, 1876

“In 1829, when the hotel was built in Chesterville, a mound nearby was made to furnish the material for the brick. In digging it away, a large human skeleton was found, but no measurements were made. It is related that the jaw-bone was found to fit easily over that of a citizen of the village, who was remarkable for his large jaw. The local physicians examined the cranium and found it proportionately large, with more teeth than the white race of today. The skeleton was taken to Mansfield, and has been lost sight of entirely.”
—History of Morrow County and Ohio, 1880

“In Seneca township (Noble County, Ohio) was opened, in 1872, one of numerous Indian mounds that abound in the neighborhood. This particular one was locally known as the “Bates” mound. Upon being dug into it was found to contain…remains of three skeletons, whose size would indicate they measured in life at least eight feet in height. The remarkable feature of these remains was they had double teeth in front as well as in back of the mouth and in both upper and lower jaws. Upon exposure to the atmosphere the skeletons soon crumbled back to mother earth.”
—Howe’s Historical Collections of Ohio, Vol. II, Part 1 (1907)

“Ages before the Romans existed, the fair land of Italy was inhabited by nations who have left indestructible monuments as the only records of their history. Those wonderful cities of early Italy which have been termed Cyclopean, are thickly scattered throughout certain districts, and are often perched like eagles’ nests, on the very crests of mountains, at such an elevation as to strike amazement into the traveler who now visits them, and to bewilder him with speculations as to the state of society which could have driven men to such scarcely accessible spots for habitation, and to entrench themselves therein with such stupendous fortifications.”
―Louisa Caroline Tuthill, History of Architecture, 1848

“In all the existing remains of Cyclopean architecture…there is a singular resemblance for which it is difficult to account. It has been suggested that the Cyclopeans were a kind of Freemasons employed to construct lighthouses, citadels, &c., who handed down their mysterious art from generation to generation; and that the stupendous nature of their edifices led to the fables with which the name is associated.”
―Charles Boileau Elliott, Travels in the three great empires of Austria, Russia, and Turkey, Volume 2 (1838)

“He who has not seen the so-called Cyclopean cities of Latium…those marvels of early art, which overpower the mind with their grandeur, bewilder it with amazement, or excite it to active speculations as to their antiquity, the race which erected them, and the state of society which demanded fortifications so stupendous on sites so inaccessible as they in general occupy; — he who has not beheld those sublime trophies of early Italian civilization — the bastion and round tower of Norba — the gates of Segni and Arpino — the citadel of Alatri — the many terraces of Cora — the covered way of Praeneste, and the colossal works of the same masonry in the mountains of Latium, Sabina, and Samnium, will be astonished at the first view of the walls of Cosa.

Nay, he who is no stranger to this style of masonry, will be surprised to see it on this spot, so remote from the district which seems its peculiar locality. He will behold in these walls immense blocks of stone, irregular polygons in form, not bound together with cement, yet fitted with so admirable nicety, that the joints are mere lines, into which he might often in vain attempt to insert a penknife: the surface smooth as a billiard-table; and the whole resembling, at a little distance, a freshly plastered wall, scratched over with strange diagrams.”
―George Dennis, The Cities and Cemeteries of Etruria, London, 1848

“…the Cyclopes…are supposed to have built all the so-called “Cyclopean” works whose erection necessitated several regiments of Giants…
They are called “Builders,” and Occultism calls them the Initiators, who…thus laid the foundation stone of true Masonry.”
―H.P. Blavatsky, The Secret Doctrine

MARKINGS:
https://preview.redd.it/dofuujlr0i161.jpg?width=403&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e91683e5767b4d1d48a5abd6d2907611b6c18261
All over the world in random regions there have been found imprints left behind that seems to resemble a giant foot, ill leave that for you to decide, heres an organized list of all the giant feet around the world :') https://helenastales.weebly.com/blogue/traces-of-giants-discovered-worldwide ARTIFACTS:
https://preview.redd.it/z02cdt4m2i161.jpg?width=400&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=41ab37b3c8c8e73c52a1f0fe3dbb09b6503d90f4
You say well then where is all the armor and tools! We have found them but just ignore it. This is only a few examples as Im sure there have been many more that could go into this area
Giant Frying Pan https://www.cryptoanthropologist.com/2016/04/giant-frying-pan-discovered-in-central-java.html
2500 + 60 pound sledge hammer with 9 foot handles https://greaterancestors.com/who-could-have-weilded-a-64lb-hamme
Giant Crown in Père Crespi Collection http://messagesdelanature.ek.la/la-grotte-de-los-tayos-p1382684
Giant Books: https://www.messynessychic.com/2014/07/09/just-some-300-year-old-giant-books/
Giant Minoan Axes https://www.ancientpages.com/2017/11/27/giant-ancient-minoan-axes-used-unknown-purposes/
Giant Sword: https://www.ancient-origins.net/artifacts-ancient-technology/norimitsu-odachi-who-could-have-possibly-wielded-enormous-15th-century-021428
EVENTS:
The Inauguration of the Place Royale in 1612
Lost original link, here is default photo
https://preview.redd.it/xxpqijg84i161.png?width=1434&format=png&auto=webp&s=a36dd6b65650dea651bf010ab6899345417bcacb
https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fcollection/item/25620-dessin-des-pompes-et-magnificences-du-carrousel-fait-en-la-place-royale-a-paris-le-5-6-7-d-avril-1612?offset=57
https://preview.redd.it/2v1vzfuh4i161.jpg?width=733&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=95708835f8472f27f5f046ebce05e4ed08d69296
For sceptics, that do not know, this is Obscura Camera photos, go ahead and look that up, its tracing down events live using the reflection of light. I went ahead and found where one of these photos was, inside of some book but it was seen from the window of "Claude Chastillion" who engraved the event.
Place Des Victoires

https://preview.redd.it/1ebjosfm5i161.png?width=779&format=png&auto=webp&s=9de12ba510b61bb731d5d6318af9e7e0bc3549cd
I just want to link this plaza before I show the next pictures, its in Paris known as ""place des victoires", this is a statue where "King Louis XIV" once stood,


https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fcollection/item/26167-la-representation-de-la-marche-et-ceremonies-faites-le-26-mars-pour-l-elevation-de-la-statue-du-roi-de-france-louis-xiv-que-m-le-mareschal-duc-de-la-feuillade-a-fait-eriger-en-la-place-des-victoires-a-paris?offset=7
https://bibliotheque-numerique.inha.fcollection/item/26168-place-des-victoires-publication-de-la-paix-signee-a-aix-la-chapelle-le-19-et-20-novembre-1748

https://www.akg-images.de/archive/-2UMDHURNIBAC.html
https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.carnavalet.paris.fr%2Ffr%2Fcollections%2Fla-place-des-victoires " After Colbert's death in 1683, his rival Louvois succeeded him as building superintendent. Two major town planning operations were decided under his ministry: Place des Victoires and Place des Conquêtes or Place Louis-le-Grand, our Place Vendôme. In the center of the first, imagined by Marshal de La Feuillade and designed by Hardouin-Mansart, stood a full-length statue of Louis XIV. The plinth was decorated with figures of captives in bronze representing the powers vanquished by the king and bore a Latin dedication which has remained famous: VIRO IMMORTALI (“To the immortal man”). The square was decorated with lanterns where perpetual fires were to burn. This device caused talk throughout Europe: people laughed at the new paganism instituted in honor of the monarch;they were scandalized by the humiliating representation of the captive powers. In March 1686 the solemn dedication of the statue took place, which was accompanied by unprecedented ceremonies: parade of the regiment of French guards, gathering of the Châtelet and the corps de Ville in the square, solemn unveiling of the statue in the presence of the royal family led by the bottlenose dolphin. “We have never seen, admires Sourches, a crowd like that which occupied all the streets which arrived at the place, and the bourgeois of Paris were unleashed to see a spectacle which lasted only a moment. The only thing missing was the main interested party, Louis XIV, whose health kept him at Versailles. "
This is the explanation for that event, what is up with the giants? I don't believe those were apart of the statue. I connected this to the Pantgonian Giants because of this quote from a book:
“The captain-general sent one of our men to the giant so that he might perform the same actions as a sign of peace. Having done that, the man led the giant to an islet where the captain-general was waiting; When the giant was in the captain-general’s and our presence he marveled greatly and made signs with one finger raised upward, believing we had come from the sky. He was so tall that we reached only to his waist, and he was well proportioned.” According to the writings of Pigafetta, Magellan and crew attempted to return to Italy with two of the giants they had encountered, though they were unable to survive the long trip back across the Atlantic."
Pantgonian Giants Sighting = 1602 Giants in Chains Event = 1683
Possibly the French knew of these Giants for along time? Speculation. NEWS ARTICLES: So so so many articles surrounding the findings of giant bones, I would love to find these sources but.. its a newspaper article and I just am not sure I am ready for that level of digging, but heres some pictures :D

https://preview.redd.it/4lmi1f4y1i161.jpg?width=1600&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=479aa38e60773e5354d5cdb173d3d2a77c7d4885
https://preview.redd.it/hiuceyvu1i161.jpg?width=1118&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=c94bb400568ef633600328bf195df247be0ded56

https://preview.redd.it/ijat60ot1i161.jpg?width=418&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=477fbb6dfa1ed07280ce231bf2d9bc7aff3c054c
https://preview.redd.it/m89a53at1i161.jpg?width=680&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=5a0ea2056cb80691fe63afed423b4e502b817641

THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION https://www.si.edu https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution
Why in the HECK is this the first your hearing of this? Well you should be told about the Smithsonian Institution, very big people in the archaeological world and are involved in almost any major discovery.
Legal Obligations: "However, the U.S. Attorney General has concluded that the Smithsonian is so "closely connected" to the federal government that it shares the immunity of the United States from state and local regulation. In accordance with this doctrine, local zoning regulations, ABC licensing provisions, sales and use taxes, and real estate taxes are not applicable to the Smithsonian absent a specific federal statute. (There are several instances in which Congress has required federal entities to comply with state and local laws, so questions about the applicability of specific state and local laws to the Smithsonian should be directed to the Office of General Counsel.)
Courts have also held that the Smithsonian enjoys the immunity of the United States from lawsuits, unless such suits are authorized by Congress under specific statutes, such as the Federal Torts Claim Act (torts), the U.S. Copyright Act (copyright infringement), the Tucker Act (contracts), and Title VII the Civil Rights Act (discrimination)."
https://www.si.edu/ogc/legalhistory
Supreme Court Case in 2018: " Although the Smithsonian entity status question before the Court remains unanswered, providence had guided Petitioner to discover a parallel case, already decided by this Court. God is particularly interested in last wills and testaments, and the fulfillment offiduciary duty by trustees as established throughout the Old and New Testaments, which is the basis for the common law oftrusts, as expressed in the Magna Charta from the year 1215 " " The Smithsonian Institution was established in 1846, Girard College in 1848 so even their similar historical origins are ofinterest when considering their entity status. Girard was one of the richest men in America, Smithson a very wealthy man from the United Kingdom. The trustees were the United States/Congress/Board ofRegents in Smithson’s case and the State of Pennsylvania/Pennsylvania legislature/Board ofDirectors OfCity Trusts in Girard’s case. "

https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-6548/121881/20191112122654653_20191112-122112-95748849-00003630.pdf
Sued over Exhibit: https://www.nytimes.com/1978/04/12/archives/smithsonian-is-sued-over-evolution-exhibit.html
Battle over Indian Remains: https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2016/05/05/476631934/a-long-complicated-battle-over-9-000-year-old-bones-is-finally-over
Accused of Destroying Giant Bones: https://www.gaia.com/article/this-conspiracy-claims-the-smithsonian-destroys-giant-skeletons
Biological Warefare?: https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP90-00965R000302600001-3.pdf
Mound Builders: In another case referring to.. another race, not giants. Something called the "Mound Builders" is a perfect book to read explaining everything IMO.
'The Indian guide points out these mounds to the student of history with a feeling of awe ; he says he knows nothing of them; his fathers have told him that the builders of the mounds were of a different race from them... it must be said moreover that a perusal of the works written about the mounds, especially of the very large contributions to the subject found in the Smithsonian Institution publications, leaves the mind of the reader in a state of thorough confusion and un- certainty.' https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/moundbuilders00bryc

Extra Article: https://www.micahhanks.com/conspiracy-2/big-buried-secrets-giant-skeletons-and-the-smithsonian/

END CONCLUSION: This is just my list of sources meant for others to speculate. Again I am not accusing anyone of doing any wrong deeds, thanks for reading.
Join our Discord for more Archives: https://discord.gg/ZHkhJ3fwRw
submitted by sebastianxce to conspiracy [link] [comments]

Isn't this an insane amount of material to cover in one semester?

Hello, Reddit. I was going over my notes for my next history exam. I realized I had written 30 pages of notes between this exam and the last exam (so about a month and a half of information.)
Naturally, I thought this was insane. I've never written this many notes for a class before. It was a lot of information to sift through. So, I opted to check the outline my history professor had sent out to us. This outline included all the information we'd be going through this semester.
The outline was...shocking, to say the least. Is this not insane?
(Needless to say, the outline did not narrow down what sections I should focus my studying efforts on.)
OLD WORLD BACKGROUND
A. Legacy of Rome
B. Feudalism
  1. Origins
  2. Hierarchical ranking
-Hereditary privilege
-Means of social control
  1. Church and state
  2. Medieval Landscapes
C. Troubles with Feudalism
  1. Limits to the creation of wealth
  2. Warfare
D. Mongol invasions and a new world view
  1. Mongol Empire
-Background
-Clashes with Europe
-European contacts with the Mongol empire
-A new sense of global awareness
  1. Europe and the riches of the East
-Silk Road
-Spice Road
  1. Social changes
-New emphasis on a mercantile class
-Increase of wealth
-Rising expectations across class lines
-Changes in everyday life
-Limits of change
E. Fall of the Mongol Empire
  1. Black Death
  2. Collapse of Mongol rule
  3. Old kingdoms restored in Asia
  4. Breaks in the trade routes
F. Desperate desires (in Europe) to restore contact
DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION
I. Limits of the European maritime tradition
  1. Shipping technology
-Longboats
-Hulks
  1. Skills of the seamen
-Shallow waters vs. deep waters
-Fears of the unknown
  1. Early voyages
-L’Anse aux Meadows
II. Iberian Empires
  1. Voyages of exploration
-Portuguese expansion
-Christopher Columbus
-Portuguese claims to America
-Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
  1. Spanish settlement and conquest in the Caribbean
-Navidad settlement
-Isabela settlement
-Further conquests in the Caribbean
III. Native America
  1. 500 Nations
-Variety of lifestyles
  1. Destruction of native lifestyles
-European mindset
-Disease
-Smallpox
IV. Brushes with the mainland
A. Push to the mainland
  1. By 1513, the Spaniards had completed the conquest and occupation of the
four main Caribbean islands (Espanola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Cuba).
B. Ponce de Leon and Florida (1513)
C. Balboa and Panama (1513)
-Pacific Ocean
V. The great conquests
  1. Mexico (1519-1521)
-Hernando Cortez
-Empire of the Aztec
  1. Voyage of Ferdinand Magellan
  2. South America (1531-1532)
-Francisco Pizarro
VI. The Spanish Borderlands
  1. De Soto Expedition (1539-1542)
  2. Coronado Expedition (1540-1542)

  1. St. Augustine founded (1565)
  2. Guale Missions
VII. Northern explorations
  1. English voyages
-John Cabot (1497)
  1. French voyages
-Giovanni Verrazano (1523)
-Jacques Cartier (1534)
FOUNDING THE COLONIES
A. Influences of Reformation in Europe
B. Lost colonies
  1. The Lost Colony at Roanoake (1585-?)
-John White
-Virginia Dare
-Spanish Armada
-“Croatoan”
  1. Other colonies that failed
C. Jamestown
  1. Virginia Company (1606)
  2. Jamestown founded (1607)
  3. Problems of the early colony
-Labor
-Starving Time (1609-10)
-Captain John Smith
  1. Powhatan Confederacy
-Powhatan
-Pocahontas
  1. Tobacco
-John Rolfe
  1. Representative government (1619)
-House of Burgesses
  1. Women in the colony (1619)
  2. Indian War on the Chesapeake (1622/1644)
-Opechancanough
D. Pilgrims at Plymouth
  1. Religious dissenters
-Netherlands sojourn
  1. Search for a new home
-Mayflower
-Speedwell
  1. American landfall
-Winter difficulties
-Mayflower Compact
  1. Plymouth Plantation
  2. Assistance from the natives
-Samoset
-Squanto
-Legend of the first Thanksgiving
EXPANSION OF ENGLISH AMERICA
A. Reasons for leaving home
  1. Riches and opportunity
  2. Religious freedom
B. New England Colonies
  1. Puritans
  2. Great Migration
  3. Massachusetts Bay Colony
-John Winthrop
-General Court
  1. Connecticut
-Thomas Hooker
-Separation from Massachusetts Bay
-Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
  1. Rhode Island
-Roger Williams
-Battle over Toleration
-Flight to Rhode Island
-Providence Plantations
-Anne Hutchinson
  1. Competition for land
-New Hampshire
-Native views of ownership
-English law
-Pequot War (1636-1637)
-King Philip’s War (1675-1676)
C. Middle colonies

  1. New Netherland
-Manhattan Island
-New Netherland and New Amsterdam
-Patroons
-Peter Stuyvesant
  1. New Netherland becomes New York
  2. New Jersey
  3. Pennsylvania
-New Sweden
-William Penn
-The Holy Experiment
-Penn’s Woods
-City of Philadelphia
-Delaware founded
D. Southern Colonies
  1. Maryland
-George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
-Cecil Calvert
-Catholic Refuge
  1. Virginia
-Indian Wars
-Opechancanough Uprising (1644)
-Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
-Nathaniel Bacon
  1. Carolinas
-Charles Town founded
-Settlements on Cape Fear
-North and South divided (1712)
  1. Georgia
-James Ogelthorpe
-Border war with Spanish Florida
CHARACTER OF COLONIAL NORTH AMERICA
A. Government
  1. Governors and Colonial Assemblies
-Limited participation
  1. Commerce
-Triangular Trade
-Navigation Acts
  1. Dominion of New England
-Charter Oak incident
B. New England society
  1. Commerce
-Subsistence farming
-Shipbuilding
-Whaling and fishing
  1. Town life
  2. Home life
  3. Role of religion
-Religion and citizenship in early Puritan colonies
-Loss of control
-Salem witch-hunts
  1. Role of women
C. Middle Colonies
  1. Cash crops
  2. Manor life in New York
  3. Germans in Pennsylvania
D. Southern Colonies
  1. Cash crops
  2. Plantations
  3. Aristocratic lifestyles
E. Backcountry Lifestyles
  1. Trappers and traders
  2. Ranchers
  3. Western migrations
F. Limits to Interregional cooperation
  1. Great Wagon Road
. -Conestoga Wagon
  1. Overland transport
  2. Coastal trade
G. Education and learning in the colonies
H. Great Awakening
  1. Jonathan Edwards
  2. George Whitfield
  3. Influences of the Great Awakening
I. Conflicts in Colonial Society
  1. Social divisions
  2. Men and women
  3. Racial divides
J. Labor
  1. Indentured servants
  2. Slavery in Western Civilization
-Ancient traditions
-Iberian slave trading
  1. Irish slave trade
  2. Emergence of African slavery
K. Africans in America

  1. Africans in the Iberian colonies
  2. Indentured Africans at Jamestown
  3. Conditions of servitude
  4. Slave Codes
IMPERIAL AMBITIONS
A. Colonial rivalries
  1. Spanish America
  2. French America
  3. Native allies
  4. Beaver Wars
B. Colonial Wars
  1. King Williams War (1689-98)
-Salem Witch Hunts (1692)
  1. Queen Anne’s War (1702-12)
  2. War of Jenkins’ Ear (1739-1744)
  3. King George’s War (1744-48)
C. French and Indian War (Great War for Empire)
  1. Competition for the Ohio Country
-English Land Companies
-Loyal Land Company
-Ohio Company
-Christopher Gist
-French strike at Pickiwillany
  1. French Invasion (1753)
-George Washington
  1. Hostilities erupt (1754)
-Ensign Ward at the Forks of the Ohio
-French expulsion of English arms
-Fort Duquesne
-Fort Necessity (July 3-4, 1754)
  1. Disastrous year for the British (1755)
-Plans for the year (1755)
-General Edward Braddock
-Battle of the Monongahela (July 9, 1755)
-William Johnson
-Battle of Lake George
  1. Frontier warfare
-Robert Rogers
-Louis Joseph, Marquis de Montcalm
-Oswego (1756)
-Fort William Henry (1757)
-Rise of William Pitt
  1. British offensive (1758)
-Shift in strategy
-Louisburg
-Setback at Ticonderoga
-Forbes Campaign
  1. French struggle to survive (1759)
-Niagara
-Quebec
-Battle on the Plains of Abraham
  1. French collapse (1760)
  2. Treaty of Paris
D. Pontiac’s Rebellion
  1. Causes of discontent
  2. Pontiac
  3. Opening moves
  4. Detroit and Fort Pitt hold out
  5. Restoration of the frontier
-Col. Henry Bouquet
-Battle of Bushy Run
DRIFT INTO REBELLION
A. British Empire in America
  1. Lack of planning for Imperial rule
  2. Influence of Pontiac’s Rebellion
  3. Proclamation of 1763
-Illegal settlements
B. Experiments in taxation
  1. Sugar Act (1764)
  2. Stamp Act
  3. Resistance: “No taxation, without representation”
  4. Stamp Act Congress
  5. Townshend Acts
C. Resistance
  1. Effectiveness of Non-Importation
  2. Sons of Liberty
  3. Boston Massacre
  4. Boston Tea Party
D. British reaction
  1. Intolerable Acts
  2. Quebec Act
E. Continental Congress
AMERICAN REVOLUTION
A. Opening guns (1775)
  1. Lexington and Concord
  2. Ticonderoga
  3. Second Continental Congress
-Creation of the Continental Army
-George Washington appointed to command
B. Broadening war
  1. Bunker Hill
  2. Siege of Boston
-General Washington takes command
  1. Invasion of Canada
-Rebel hopes for the 14th Colony
-Failure at Quebec
  1. Boston redeemed
-British evacuation (March 17, 1776)
  1. Southern battles
-British halted and turned back at Norfolk and Great Bridge, VA.
-British invasion turned back at Charleston, S.C. (June 28, 1776)
C. Declaration of Independence
D. Dark days
  1. Battles for New York
  2. Near disaster on the Northern front
-With Spring, British reinforcements forced the Americans to retreat from Canada
-The British pursued closely, and drove down toward upstate lakes toward
New York City, threatening to cut the rebellious colonies in two.
-The Americans built a small fleet and hoped to slow the advance on Lake
Champlain.
-Battle of Valcour Island (October 11-13, 1776); the American fleet was shattered,
but stopped the British advance.
-Benedict Arnold was the commander and hero at these naval battles, and saved
the Revolution.
  1. Retreat across New Jersey
  2. Trenton and Princeton
E. Year of the hangman
  1. British plans
-Isolate the northern colonies
-Invasion from Canada
-General John Burgoyne
-Strike across the Middle Colonies
-General Robert Howe
-Lack of unified command
  1. Saratoga campaign
-American retreats
-Siege of Fort Stanwix
-Horatio Gates
-Benedict Arnold
  1. Philadelphia Campaign
-Battle of Brandywine
-Battle of Germantown
  1. Valley Forge
-Failure of American supply
-Disease and death
-Baron von Steuben
F. Help from overseas
G. War in the West
H. War at sea
I. A Revolutionary struggle ?
  1. Loyalists
  2. Blacks
  3. Women
  4. Common Americans
J. Shifts in strategy
  1. Philadelphia abandoned
-Battle of Monmouth (June 28, 1778)
K. Southern campaign
  1. Georgia
  2. Battle for Charleston
-Loss of the Southern Army
-Massacre at the Waxhaws
-Col. Banastre Tarleton
  1. Battle of Camden
-Horatio Gates sent Southward
-Resurrects an army
-Destroyed in battle
L. Struggle to stay the course
  1. Financial difficulties
  2. Poor logistics
  3. Treason of Benedict Arnold
M. Southern victory
  1. Guerilla war erupts
-Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox
-Thomas Sumter, the Gamecock
-Andrew Pickens
  1. General Nathaniel Greene
-Strategy’
  1. Cowpens
-Daniel Morgan
  1. Yorktown Campaign
N. Last years of the war
O. Treaty of Paris
CRISIS AND CONSTITUTION
A. State governments
B. Articles of Confederation
  1. Weaknesses of the confederation
  2. Western Lands
  3. Northwest Ordinance
  4. Shay’s Rebellion
C. Constitutional Convention
  1. Virginia Plan
  2. New Jersey Plan
  3. The Great Compromise
-Three fifths Compromise
D. Ratification debates
  1. Anti-federalists
  2. Federalists Papers
E. Bill of Rights
FEDERAL REPUBLIC
A. Presidency of Washington
  1. Political debates of the Early Republic
-Washington opposes monarchy
-Influence of Washington
-Washington elected president
  1. Organizing the government
  2. Judiciary Act
  3. Crises of the new nation
-Financial difficulties
-Alexander Hamilton’s Fiscal policies
-National Bank
-Excise taxes
-Whiskey Rebellion
  1. Northwest Indian War
-Anthony Wayne
-Battle of Tippecanoe
-Treaty of Greenville
  1. Jay’s Treaty
B. Presidency of Adams
  1. Influences of the French Revolution
  2. XYZ Affair
  3. Quasi-War with France
  4. Alien and Sedition Acts
  5. Virginia and Kentucky Resolves
JEFFERSONIAN DEMOCRACY
A. Election of 1800
Aaron burr
Tamany Hall and the “Political Machine
B. Democratic government

  1. Jeffersdon and the courts
-Marbury vs. Madison
  1. Louisiana Purchase
-Haitian revolt
-Napoleon abandons America
-Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1805)
-Zebulon Pike expedition (1805-1807)
C. Foreign threats to American sovereignty
  1. American overseas trade
-Empress of China (1784)
  1. Barbary Wars
  2. Napoleonic Wars
-Neutral ship seizures
-Impressment
-Embargo Act (1807)
-Non-Intercourse Act (1809)
  1. Rise of the War Hawks
  2. War in the Northwest
-Indian confederation
-Tecumseh
-William Henry Harrison
-Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)
D. Presidency of James Madison
  1. Bitter presidential contest
  2. War of 1812
-Mr. Madison’s War
-War aims
  1. Invasion of Canada
-Surrender of Detroit (1812)
  1. Struggle to hold the borders (1813)
-Battles of Fort Meigs
-Battle of Lake Erie
-Commo. Oliver Hazard Perry
-Battle of the Thames
-Death of Tecumseh
  1. Southern War
-Creek uprising
-Andrew Jackson
-Invasion of Florida
  1. Coastal raids (1814)
-Washington D.C. burned
-Battle of Fort McHenry
-Francis Scott Key
  1. Hartford convention (Dec. 1814)
  2. Treaty of Ghent (1814)
  3. Battle of New Orleans (1815)
  4. Subsequent adjustments
-Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817)
-Boundary settlement (1818)
PROSPERITY AND EXPANSION
A. Era of Good Feeling
  1. Postwar adjustments
-Second Bank of the United States
-Foreign trade
-Speculation in western lands
  1. Missouri Compromise
  2. Panic of 1819
B. Industrial Revolution
  1. Internal Improvements
  2. The American System
  3. Henry Clay
C. Affairs with the European powers

  1. Relations with Great Britain
  2. Spain and the Florida controversy
. -Jackson led invasion (1818)

  1. Adams-Onis Treaty (1821)
D. United States and Latin America
  1. Independence in Latin America
  2. Monroe Doctrine
JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY
A. Election of 1824
  1. Republican (Democratic) Candidates
  2. Regional bases
  3. John Quincy Adams
  4. Henry Clay
  5. Andrew Jackson (Old Hickory)
  6. William Crawford
  7. “Corrupt Bargain”
B. Adams as president
  1. Plans for national growth
  2. National Republicans (Whigs)
C. Election of 1828
  1. Suffrage broadened
D. Jackson as president
  1. Inauguration
  2. Spoils System
  3. Kitchen cabinet
  4. Jackson and the Bank
  5. Tariffs
  6. Calhoun and states rights
-John C. Calhoun
-Nullification
-Crisis (1832)
  1. Indian Removal
-Five Civilized Tribes
-Cherokees and the Supreme Court
-Sequoyah
-Gold Rush in Georgia
-Chief justice John Marshall
-Indian Removal Act (1830)
-Forced relocation (1835-1838)
-Trail of Tears
  1. Panic of 1837
E. Election of 1840
  1. Martin Van Buren
  2. William Henry Harrison
-Tippecanoe and Tyler Too !
  1. Republican hegemony broken
4. Inauguration and death
  1. John Tyler as president
TWO AMERICAS
A. The Industrial North
  1. Expansion of machinery
  2. New technologies
-Farm tools
-John Deere and his lightweight plow
-Cyrus McCormick and his mechanical reaper
-Telegraph
-Samuel F.B. Morse
-Railroads
-Steamships
-Clipper ships
  1. Northern ties to the Northwest
B. Northern life
  1. Factory workers
-Conditions of life and labor
-Workers organizations
-Women in the work force
  1. Immigration
-Irish migration
-Potato Famine
-German migrations
  1. Nativist Movement
-Know-nothing Party
  1. Free Blacks in the North
B. The traditional South
  1. Cotton Kingdom
-Eli Whitney
-Cotton Gin
-Other crops
  1. Social divisions
-Planters
-Small farmers
-Poor Whites/White Trash
-Africans and Free Blacks
-Men and women
  1. Aristocratic lifestyle
  2. Slavery
-Slave life
-Hard work
-Family life
-Patrollers
-Resistance
-Slave Codes
FIRES OF REFORM
A Reforming Spirit
  1. Second Great Awakening
-Burned Over District
B. Abolitionism
  1. Decline in Northern slavery
  2. American colonization Society
-Liberia
  1. Abolitionists
-William Lloyd Garrison
  1. Black Abolitionists
-Freedom’s Journal
- Frederick Douglass
  1. Underground Railroad
C. Women’s rights
  1. Status of women
-Grimke Sisters
-Sojourner Truth
  1. Seneca Falls Convention
D. Reform Impulse
  1. Dorothea Dix and help for mentally ill
  2. Prison reform
  3. Public education
  4. Temperance movement
E. American Culture
  1. American literature
-Washington Irving
-Nathaniel Hawthorne
-John Greenleaf Whittier
-Walt Whitman
-Ralph Waldo Emerson
  1. Women writers
  2. American artists
-Benjamin West
-Charles Wilson Peale
-Hudson River School
MANIFEST DESTINY
A. Westward expansion
  1. Mountain Men
-Rendezvous
-James Beckworth
  1. Oregon Country
-Conflicting land claims
-Early settlement
-Oregon Trail
  1. Lone Star Republic
-Americans in Texas
-Fight for independence (1836)
-Alamo and Goliad
-Sam Houston
-Battle of San Jacinto
-Republic of Texas
  1. Southwest
-Santa Fe Traders
  1. California
B. Election of 1844
  1. Influence of Manifest Destiny
  2. Henry Clay
  3. William K. Polk
C. War with Mexico (1846-1848)

  1. Political debates
-Annexation of Texas
-Oregon dispute
-Statehood for Texas
  1. Skirmishing on the border
-General Zachary Taylor
  1. American strategy
  2. Northern Front
  3. Vera Cruz campaign
-General Winfield Scott
  1. Bear Flag Republic
  2. Conquest of Mexico
  3. Treat of Guadalupe-Hidalgo (1848)
  4. Gadsden Purchase (1853)
  5. Mexicans and Indians in the ceded lands
D. Mormons move west
  1. Joseph Smith and Mormonism
  2. Early migrations
  3. Deseret and Salt Lake City
  4. Mormon War
E. California Gold Rush
  1. Americans in California
  2. Gold discovered
-John SutteSutter’s Mill
-Routes to the gold fields
- Forty-niners
-San Francisco port of entry
CRISIS OF THE UNION
A. Western expansion
  1. Missouri Compromise
  2. Wilmot Proviso
  3. Sectionalism
-Popular sovereignty
-Free Soilers
B. Election of 1848
  1. Martin Van Buren
  2. Zachary Taylor
C. Sectional division
  1. Henry Clay appeals for unity
  2. John C. Calhoun
  3. Daniel Webster
D. Compromise of 1850
  1. California admitted
  2. Western territories
  3. Slave trading ended in Washington D.C.
  4. Fugitive Slave Law
E. Reaction
  1. Neither side happy
  2. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
-Harriet Beecher Stowe
F. Election of 1852
Franklin Pierce
G. Uncertainty on the frontier
  1. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
-Senator Steven Douglas
-Popular Sovreignty
  1. Bleeding Kansas
-Border Ruffians
-Separate governments
-Lawrence Raid (1856)
-John Brown
-Pottawatomie Creek Massacre
  1. Violence in the Senate
-Charles Brooks
-Preston Sumner
H. Dred Scott Decision
I. Election of 1856
  1. Republican Party
  2. Fractured politics
-John Charles Fremont
-James Buchanan
-Abraham Lincoln
-Lincoln-Douglas Debates
-A House Divided speech
J. Raid on Harper’s Ferry (1859)
K. Election of 1860
  1. Republican: Abraham Lincoln
  2. Northern Democrat: Stephen Douglas
  3. Southern Democrat: John Breckinridge
  4. Constitutional Union: John Bell
L. Secession
  1. Crittendon Compromise
  2. Charleston Convention
-Secession of South Carolina
CIVIL WAR
A. Confederate States of America
  1. Southern secession
  2. Creation of the Confederacy
-Montgomery, Alabama
  1. Crisis over Fort Sumter

  1. Goals of each side
  2. Northern war aims
-North needs to reduce Southern opposition
-Encourage Southern Unionists
-Anaconda Plan
-Winfield Scott
-Avoid foreign entanglements
  1. Confederacy
-Needs to survive until North tires of war or foreign aid arrives
-Hold off northern offensives
-Exhaust northern will to fight
-Suppress Unionists and forge a common identity
-Win foreign recognition and assistance
-King Cotton
C. War in the East (1861-1862)
  1. Western Virginia
-George B. McClellan
  1. Battle of Bull Run
  2. Raising and Training Armies
  3. Peninsular Campaign
D. War at Sea
  1. Naval strengths of each side
  2. Union blockade
  3. Confederate raiders
  4. Monitor vs. the Merrimac
E. Stalemate in the East (1862)
Antietam Campaign
F. War in the West (1861-1862)
  1. Kentucky
-Albert Sidney Johnston
-Problems of Confederate command
  1. Battle for the river forts
-Gunboats and combined operations
-Fort Henry
-Fort Donelson
-Ulysses s. Grant
  1. New Orleans
  2. Battle of Shiloh
  3. Kentucky Campaign
-Braxton Bragg
-Battle of Corinth
-Battle of Perrysville
G. Emancipation Proclamation (1862)
  1. Changing nature of the war
  2. Total commitment to war
  3. Guerilla War
H. Year of Decision (1863)
  1. Battle of Chancellorsville
  2. Gettysburg campaign
  3. Siege of Vicksburg
I. Americans at War
  1. Soldiering in the Civil War
-Raising the armies
-Regulars vs. volunteers
-Conditions of service
-Civil War battlefields
-Weapons
-Camp life
-Sickness and death
-Prisoners of war
  1. Civilians at war
-States Rights
-Bread Riots
-Draft Riots
  1. Wartime economy
  2. Women and the war
J. South under Siege
  1. Grant assumes command
  2. March to the Sea
-William Tecumseh Sherman
  1. Siege of Richmond-Petersburg
  2. Appomattox Court House
K. Confederate collapse

  1. Flight of the Confederate government
  2. Surrender of Johnston’s Army
  3. Miscellaneous surrenders
  4. End of the war
  5. Grand parade in Washington
RECONSTRUCTION
A. Early plans for Reconstruction
  1. Debates over Secession
-State Rights
-Misguided commoners and corrupt leaders
-Conquered Provinces
  1. Lincoln’s 10 % Plan
-Reconstructed states
  1. Radical Republicans
-Wade-Davis Bill
-Freedmen’s Bureau
  1. Lincoln’s Assassination
-Ford’s Theater
-Conspiracy
-John Wilkes Booth
B. Johnson Presidency and Reconstruction
  1. Andrew Johnson
-Common background
-Southerner
-Opposition to Secession
  1. Johnson as president
  2. Thirteenth Amendment
  3. Southern Reconstruction blocked
-Black Codes
-Joint Committee on Reconstruction
C. Radical ascendancy
  1. Moderate Republicans
  2. Fourteenth Amendment
  3. Race riots
  4. Radical Reconstruction
-Reconstruction Act (1867)
  1. Impeachment
D. Radical Reconstruction
  1. Grant elected president
  2. Reconstruction Act (1868)
  3. Fifteenth Amendment
  4. Conquered South
-Conflicting interests
-Unionists
-Carpetbaggers
-Scalawags
-Confederates
-Freedmen
  1. New governments
-Black office holders
  1. Resistance
-Unredeemed Southerners
-Nathan Bedford Forrest
-Ku Klux Klan and other groups
  1. Economic Revolution
-Industrial growth
-Agriculture
-Sharecroppers
E. Northern weariness takes hold
  1. War against the Klan
-Ku Klux Klan Act
  1. Reconstruction ends
-Critical Election of 1876
-Democrat: Samuel Tilden
-Republican: Rutherford B. Hayes
-Wormley House Agreement
submitted by SquigglyHamster to college [link] [comments]

74 positive cases, 5 cases resolved, 580 cases under investigation and 4470 negative cases in Ontario, Canada. An increase of 20 positive cases from yesterday.

Source
Graph of positive cases
Date Positive Cases Cases Resolved Cases Under Investigation (+/-) Negative Cases Daily Tested Total Tested/Testing
March 13th 74 5 580 (+44) 4,470 880 5,129 (+944)
March 12th 54 5 536 (+71) 3,590 702 4,185 (+790)
March 11th 37 5 465 (+353) 2,888 289 3,395 (+648)
March 10th 31 5 112 (+90) 2,599 252 2,747 (+344)
March 9th 31 4 22 (-33) 2,347 250 2,403 (+225)
March 7th-8th 25 4 55 (-17) 2,094 429 2,178 (+415)
March 6th 22 4 72 (-6) 1,665 199 1,763 (+197)
March 5th 18 4 78 (-24) 1,466 250 1,566 (+228)
March 4th 17 3 102 (+57) 1,216 155 1,338 (+212)
March 3rd 17 3 45 (+33) 1,061 86 1,126 (+121)
February 29th-March 2nd 15 3 12 (-10) 975 207 1,005 (+237)
February 28th 4 3 22 (+1) 739 67 768 (+69)
February 27th 3 3 21 (+7) 672 62 699 (+70)
February 26th 2 3 14 (-7) 610 42 629 (+36)
February 25th 1 3 21 (+12) 568 28 593 (+40)
February 22nd-24th 1 3 9 (-3) 540 57 553 (+55)
February 21st 0 3 12 (-2) 483 21 498 (+19)
February 20th 1 2 14 (-3) 462 26 479 (+23)
February 19th 2 1 17 (+17) 436 (436+0) 18 456 (+35)
February 18th 2 1 0 418 (418+0) 19 421 (+19)
February 15th-17th 2 1 0 (-8) 399 (399+0) 46 402 (+38)
February 14th 2 1 8 (-7) 353 (353+0) 31 364 (+24)
February 13th 2 1 15 (+6) 322 (306+16) 21 340 (+27)
February 12th 2 1 9 (-10) 301 (257+44) 38 313 (+28)
February 11th 3 0 19 (+11) 263 (184+79) 15 285 (+26)
February 8th-10th 3 0 8 (-31) 248 (167+81) 93 259 (+62)
February 7th 3 0 39 (-23) 155 (130+25) 51 197 (+28)
February 6th 3 0 62 (+19) 104 (104+0) 0 169 (+19)
February 5th 3 0 43 (+9) 104 (96+8) 2 150 (+11)
February 4th 3 0 34 (+5) 102 (90+12) 139
As we come to Friday the 13th, Ontario increases its positive cases by another 20 cases. But as we look at the numbers of cases being tested, we can see the quantity steadily rising. However, even with the large amounts of tests each day, it is unable to stop the tide of the number of cases under investigation. Continuing to grow each day even with the increase of testing capabilities. An important key to focus on is Ontario's 67th case, a man in his 80s. He has been hospitalized and is now the only case in Ontario to do so.
Following the closure of public schools yesterday, various universities and colleges in Ontario are closing as well. Examples like the University of Toronto, York University, Seneca College, etc.
The number of cases today seemed to have overwhelmed even the personnel updating the website as now shortforms are used instead of their original names. ("Peel Public Health" is now just "Peel"). We also have an increase of "pending status" on cases, from the 75th case to the 79th case, we have no information on the case besides the fact that they are in Toronto. This is worrisome as it almost feels like that they're trying to hide the information.
Case Details
Case Number Patient Age and Gender Public Health Unit Hospital Transmission Status
37 50s Male Sudbury & District Health Unit Health Sciences North pending self-isolating
38 30s Female York Region Public Health Mackenzie Health hospital travel (Egypt) self-isolating
39 30s Male Toronto Public Health Toronto Western Hospital travel (US) self-isolating
40 40s Male Ottawa Public Health Ottawa Hospital travel (Austria) self-isolating
41 30s Female Hamilton Public Health Hamilton Health Sciences travel (US) self-isolating
42 40s Female Toronto Public Health St Joseph’s Health Centre travel (US) self-isolating
43 50s Male Hamilton Public Health pending travel (pending) self-isolating
44 <18 Female Peel Public Health N/A close contact self-isolating
45 20s Male Toronto Public Health Sunnybrook close contact self-isolating
46 70s Male Toronto Public Health Mississauga Hospital travel (USA) self-isolating
47 40s Male Toronto Public Health St Michael’s Hospital travel (USA) self-isolating
48 60s Female Region of Waterloo Public Health Grand River Hospital travel (Puerto Rico) self-isolating
49 40s Female Ottawa Public Health Queensway Carlton Hospital travel (Italy) self-isolating
50 20s Female Toronto Public Health Trillium Health Partners travel (Europe) self-isolating
51 40s Female Halton Public Health Joseph Brant Hospital travel (USA, Costa Rica) self-isolating
52 <18 Male Toronto Public Health North York General close contact self-isolating
53 30s Male Toronto Public Health North York General close contact self-isolating
54 20s Male Toronto Public Health Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
55 60s Male Toronto Public Health Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
56 60s Female Toronto Public Health Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
57 20s Female Peel Public Health pending travel (pending) self-isolating
58 40s Male Region of Waterloo Public Health Grand River Hospital travel (USA) self-isolating
59 40s Male Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit Royal Victoria Hospital travel (Spain) self-isolating
60 20s Female York pending travel (pending) self-isolating
61 20s Female Peel pending close contact self-isolating
62 60s Female Peel pending travel (pending), close contact self-isolating
63 70s Male Toronto Sunnybrook travel (Egypt) self-isolating
64 70s Female Toronto Sunnybrook travel (Egypt) self-isolating
65 40s Male Toronto Mt. Sinai travel (USA), close contact self-isolating
66 40s Female Ottawa pending travel (England) self-isolating
67 80s Male Niagara pending pending hospitalized
68 60s Male Toronto Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
69 20s Female Toronto Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
70 60s Female Toronto Sunnybrook travel (USA) self-isolating
71 20s Male Toronto Sunnybrook close contact self-isolating
72 20s Male Peel pending travel (pending) self-isolating
73 50s Female Waterloo pending travel (pending), close contact self-isolating
74 20s Female Peel pending travel (pending) self-isolating
75 pending Toronto pending pending self-isolating
76 pending Toronto pending pending self-isolating
77 pending Toronto pending pending self-isolating
78 pending Toronto pending pending self-isolating
79 pending Toronto pending pending self-isolating
Old Table
Date Confirmed Cases Presumptive Confirmed Cases Recovered (Unoffical) Cases Under Investigation +/- From Previous Day
February 1st-3rd 3 0 2 29 +12
January 31st 3 0 2 17 -10
January 30th 2 0 0 27 +4
January 29th 2 0 0 23 +12
January 28th 1 1 0 11 -8
January 27th 0 2 0 19 0
submitted by Scyllarious to CanadaCoronavirus [link] [comments]

'Dinner with a view' at Seneca One offers glimpse of Sahlen Field | Local News

https://buffalonews.com/news/local/dinner-with-a-view-at-seneca-one-offers-glimpse-of-sahlen-field/article_0b4a5daa-e7a1-11ea-9628-93ac6ca7b654.amp.html?utm_campaign=snd-autopilot&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter_TheBuffaloNews&__twitter_impression=true
The restaurant Osteria 166 is offering "dinner with a view," high above the city in Seneca One tower.
That view happens to include Sahlen Field, the temporary home of the Toronto Blue Jays.
Nick Pitillo, the restaurant's owner, downplayed the connection between his catered dinners and the baseball games.
"People enjoy it," he said of visiting Seneca One. "It's going out to dinner and having fun. It's not necessarily about what's going on below, if you will."
Fans aren't allowed inside Sahlen Field to watch the Jays games due to the Covid-19 pandemic. And opportunities to see into the stadium from outside are limited. Temporary barriers set up around the stadium keep would-be spectators from getting close. Some of the only views are from Seneca One and the Marin building, which loom above the stadium across Washington Street.
Pitillo declined to specify which floor of the tower he is using for the dinners, but said it was high enough for a 360-degree, glass-enclosed view of the city and Lake Erie.
The cost per person for the dinners varies, depending on the night of the week and the price of the food and drinks customers order, he said. The catered meals are delivered from the restaurant, which is nearby on Franklin Street. In Pitillo's setup at Seneca One, there are three rooms that can fit 10 diners each, and three rooms that can accommodate six each. The restaurant is following social distancing guidelines at the tower, he said.
Seneca One has undergone a revival under owner Douglas Jemal. After being dormant for several years, the tower is adding tenants and getting a new paint job.
"The building is the attraction, no question, the building and the views," Pitillo said. "It's exciting to see what's going on in the building."
Pitillo said Osteria 166's business is down 70% from a year ago due to the pandemic, and that the catered dinners at the tower are another way he is trying to keep going. The Buffalo Niagara Convention Center, normally a good generator of customers, is dormant across the street.
Osteria 166Osteria 166 is trying to compensate for a dropoff in restaurant business. (Sharon Cantillon/News file photo)▲
So who is paying for dinners at the tower?
"I think it's people that want to get out of the house. It's certain corporations that want to entertain in a safe environment, because everything is Covid restricted," he said.
Meanwhile, Leadership Buffalo is gauging alumni interest in holding a dinner event on the 38th floor of Seneca One tower on Sept. 21, which coincides with a Jays-Yankees game at Sahlen Field. The proposed cost is $300 per person, a price that includes dinner and bar.
Leadership Buffalo in its message said it was surveying alumni interest before committing. The group's executive director, Althea Luehrsen, did not return messages to comment.
Matt Glynn
submitted by TOMALTACH to Buffalo [link] [comments]

Spring 2020: Best hikes in and around Buffalo

Back at it for another year. Couple more folks out on the trails right now which is a good thing as long as we're giving each other ample space.
Please let me know if I've missed anything and I'll add it to the list, thanks!
edit: there's probably a better way to arrange these (region, hiking difficulty, etc) so if anyone has any ideas let me know. Might make sense to add to airtable later to be able to easily filter.
  1. Devils Hole - Niagara Gorge (dog friendly)
  2. Whirlpool State Park
  3. Letchworth State Park
  4. Chestnut Ridge - Eternal Flame and various other trails - Orchard Park - (dog friendly)
  5. Hunter's Creek / Sgt. Mark A. Rademacher Memorial Park - Wales - (dog friendly)
  6. Amherst State Park (dog friendly)
  7. Glen Falls Trail Loop - Amherst - (no dogs)
  8. Steiglmeir Park - Depew - (no dogs)
  9. Owens Falls - East Aurora - (no dogs)
  10. Knox State Park - East Aurora - (dog friendly, dog park currently closed though)
  11. Kenneglenn Scenic and Nature Preserve - East Aurora - (no dogs)
  12. Emery Park - East Aurora - (dog friendly)
  13. Majors Park - East Aurora - (dog friendly)
  14. Creation Walk Nature Trail - Marilla (not sure on dogs)
  15. Sprague Brook Park - Glenwood - (dog friendly)
  16. Erie County Bureau of Forestry - 11372 Genesee Rd, East Concord, NY (not sure on dogs)
  17. Sinking Ponds Wildlife Sanctuary - East Aurora - (no dogs)
  18. Tillman Road Wildlife Management Area - Clarence - (dog friendly)
  19. Reinstein Woods Nature Preserve - Cheektowaga - (no dogs)
  20. Como Lake Park - Lancaster - (dog friendly)
  21. Tifft Nature Preserve - Buffalo - (no dogs)
  22. Beaver Meadow Audubon - North Java - (no dogs)
  23. Iroquois Wildlife Refuge (not sure on dogs)
  24. Akron Falls - Akron - (dog friendly)
  25. Forest Lawn - Buffalo - (more of a walk than a hike)
  26. Hoyt Lake - Buffalo - (more of a walk than a hike)
  27. Hobuck Flats - Derby
  28. 18 Mile Creek Park - Hamburg
  29. Royalton Ravine - Gasport - (dog friendly)
  30. Town of Lockport Nature Trail (dog friendly)
  31. Artpark Upper & Lower trails
  32. Chautauqua Gorge (dog friendly)
  33. Buckhorn Island State Park
  34. Zoar Valley
  35. Little Rock City – Ellicottville
  36. Scoby Dam Park – Springville
  37. Cazenovia Creek W.M.A. (West Seneca)
  38. Darien Lakes State Park (Darien Center)
  39. Onondaga Escarpment Trail (Akron)
  40. Carlton Hill M.U.A. (north of Letchworth)
  41. Erie Canal Trail (Lockport, Medina, etc.)
  42. Waterport Falls (northwest of Albion)
  43. Holley Canal Falls (east of Waterport)
  44. Allegany State Park (1.5 hour drive from Buffalo)
  45. Watkins Glen (2 hour drive from Buffalo)
  46. Penn Dixie Nature Preserve - Blasdell
  47. Franklin Gulf County Park - North Collins
  48. Sculpture Park - East Otto
  49. Times Beach Nature Preserve - Buffalo (no dogs)
  50. Wendt Beach Park - Derby (dog friendly)
  51. Panama Rocks Scenic Park - Panama (Paid)
  52. Conservation Trail (runs Niagara Falls to Allegheny) - [1]
  53. Ghost Pond Preserve - North Java
  54. Rose Acres Audubon Preserve - Java Center
  55. Eastside Overland Trail (Chautauqua)
  56. Westside Overland Trail (Chautauqua)
  57. Genesee County Park (East Bethany, ~1 hr from Buffalo)
submitted by root_vegetable to Buffalo [link] [comments]

Universities closing (megathread)

will try to update as more schools close and/or move online
So far:

ONTARIO
- Laurentian University
- Western University (Classes cancelled from Friday to Tuesday; online classes begin Wednesday; campus remains open; working on contingency plan for final exams)
- Carleton University (Classes cancelled for Monday and Tuesday, online classes begin Wednesday; working on contingency plans for final exams; campus remains open)
- McMaster University (All classes cancelled until end of semester; there will be no in-person exams at end of term; campus remains open)
- York University (Online classes begin Monday)
- University of Toronto (Cancelling all in-person classes until end of semester; campus remains open)
- George Brown College (classes suspended from Saturday, March 14 to Sunday, March 22; delivery of classes in alternative formats begin on Monday, March 23)
- Seneca College (in-person classes suspended; online classes begin Monday, March 23; campus remains open)
- Trent University (classes suspended; plans to deliver its classes online or through other alternative means beginning Wednesday, March 18; campus remains open)
- Ontario Tech University (classes cancelled; update coming by Monday, March 16)
- Ryerson University (moves classes online as of today)
- Humber College (suspends all classes from March 16 to 20; move to remote delivery from March 23 to April 17)
- Sheridan College (closes next week March 16-20; move online starting March 23; campus remains open)
- Durham College (classes cancelled March 13-16; update to come; campus remains open)
- Mohawk College (classes suspended for Friday; classes will restart "online or alternative delivery" beginning Monday, March 23; in-person exams cancelled; campus will be closed as of March 14)
- Queen's University (starting Monday, all undergraduate classes excluding health professional programs will be suspended for one week; will communicate plans later for alternative delivery)
- Brock University (suspending face-to-face classes and exams for the rest of this academic term; working on a plan to move to alternative forms of class and exam delivery, including online; campus remains open)
- University of Waterloo (suspending on-campus courses until end of term, including final exams; instructors are working on alternate ways to deliver remaining course work and exams; campus remains open)
- University of Ottawa (March 16-17 classes cancelled, online classes begin Wednesday, March 18; plans being developed for exams, exams will not be in-person; campus remains open)
- Niagara College (on-campus classes suspended; working towards alternative delivery; campus remains open)
- Conestoga College (As of Monday, March 16, most face-to-face class delivery will be discontinued as Conestoga begins the transition to remote and hybrid course delivery wherever possible. All campuses will remain open)
- University of Guelph (face-to-face classes cancelled for one week beginning Monday, March 16; courses resume Monday, March 23 in an alternative-format delivery, including technology modified formats; final exams will be conducted in a modified format; campus remains open)
- Wilfrid Laurier University (in-person courses suspended for remainder of term; instructors will develop and communicate a plan for alternative instruction; campus remains open)
- Georgian College (in-person classes cancelled; moving to online classes beginning Monday, March 23; campus remains open)
- Lakehead University (classes cancelled March 16-17; online classes begin March 18; campus remains open)
- University of Windsor
ALBERTA
- University of Calgary (Classes cancelled for Friday; update for rest of semester coming later)
- University of Alberta (All classes suspended for Friday; will provide update for rest of semester before Sunday)
- University of Lethbridge

QUEBEC
update: Québec Premier Francois Legault announces ALL cegeps and universities will be closed for the next two weeks
- McGill University (Classes and exams are cancelled for Friday; will update on Sunday how to proceed with rest of semester)
- Concordia has cancelled classes at least until Monday.
- LaSalle College is closed and classes will move online next week.
- Collège Jean-de-Brébeuf has moved their classes online.

BRITISH COLUMBIA
- University of British Columbia (online classes effective Monday March 16; campus remains open)
- Simon Fraser University (transitioning to online classes beginning next week)
- University of Victoria (Effective Monday, March 16, UVic is transition from face-to-face to alternative modes of instruction and evaluation)

SASKATECHWAN
- University of Saskatchewan (classes suspended Monday to Wednesday; online classes begin March 19; campus remains open)
NEW BRUNSWICK
- St. Thomas University (classes cancelled March 16-18, will resume Thursday, March 19 online; campus remains open)
- University of New Brunswick (in-person classes cancelled; classes resume using alternate methods on Monday, March 23; campus remains open)
- Mount Allison University is closed for the rest of the semester
- Moncton University (NB) is closed for 2 weeks.

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
- University of Prince Edward Island (alternate course delivery begins March 20)

NOVA SCOTIA
- Dalhousie University (classes suspended March 16-20)
submitted by wheeliesarefun to CanadaCoronavirus [link] [comments]

Looking for great, family-friendly same-day (or 1-overnight) outings in or around Upstate this summer. Details in text.

Dad = 50-ish, Mom = 45-ish, kids x2 = tween/early teen
I guess my geographical range would be <3 hours of Syracuse metro. Closer is a bit better, but really good stuff worth the drive time is ok too. Outdoorsy stuff is fine (but not hardcore outdoorsman stuff though). Cost is a consideration, especially if there is significant driving (gas, tolls) or if an overnight is needed.
Here are some regular go-to's that we kind of default to because we lack imagination:
  1. Watkins Glen (one of my favorite places in the state)
  2. Taughgannock Falls, Ithaca
  3. Niagara Falls
  4. The Strong Museum/ Museum of Play, Rochester (so. effing. expensive.)
  5. Corning Museum of Glass, Corning (LOVE IT!)
  6. Cornell University Campus / Art Museum
  7. Rosamund Gifford Zoo
Places we've gone to once or twice and liked, or liked-ish:
  1. Howe Caverns (it was only so-so, TBH)
  2. Herkimer Diamond Mines (a bit too physical, but we scored some good finds)
  3. Wild Center, Tupper Lake, Adirondacks (really enjoyed it - 10/10 would do again)
  4. Ground Zero (but that's not really a place you go to twice as a family outing)
  5. Fort Stanwix (it was cool, but not really a place you return to often)
  6. Baseball Hall of Fame (that's really me, more than the rest of my family)
  7. Ottawa government buildings and Rideau Canal (but no crossing the border rt now, so...)
Places we went and were NOT impressed by:
  1. Boldt Castle (what a run-down P.O.S.)
  2. Adirondack Railroad (shite service, really an embarrassment - we demanded a full refund, and when they did not comply, we got our bank involved, and they refunded the money to us.)
Places I've heard about and would like to check out, or places I've been to myself and would like to bring the fam/kids:
  1. Ausable Chasm (heard about)
  2. Letchworth State park (heard about / read about)
  3. Eternal Flame Falls (heard about / read about)
  4. Various women's history museums and sites, Seneca Falls / surrounding areas (been to)
  5. Legoland - when it's fully open and this whole COVID thing passes, we're so there.
We like cute towns (Skaneateles, Old Forge, Lake Placid, Saranac Lake, Cooperstown), though touristy kitsch can sometimes kill the buzz (I'm looking at you, Lake George).
We love awesome natural features (chasms and waterfalls and stuff - I have connections to the Ithaca area), though we are not the most robust of hikers, and quarantine weight gain has exacerbated this sad reality.
We like local shopping experiences (though did I mention that money is a thing?)
We like a good museum, but are a fickle family with varying tastes, so museums can be tough. Corning always pleases. But for example, my kids outgrew the science museums in Ithaca and Syracuse years ago.
And we love tours of... well, places that interest us. Our best two-day outing last year took us to Vermont, were we did the Vermont Teddy Bear Factory, Cabot Cheese creamery (my son is an absolute cheese fetishist), and Ben & Jerry's all in the same day, and then returned to upstate NY via a river ferry, Fort Ticonderoga (missed the Star Trek museum, though), and Lake George, after an overnight in VT.
OK! So I guess that's enough about us. What's out there, nearby-ish, that we just HAVE TO DO/SEE? (Even outside NYS, but within close distance - figure maybe up to 5-6 hours if we're doing an overnight.)
submitted by askingquestionsblog to newyork [link] [comments]

So You're Visiting Ithaca & Need Something To Do...

Hello there! If you’re viewing this subreddit, you’re either visiting Ithaca and want some insight, or you’re insanely bored at work and have already read the other subs on your reddit front page. If you’re in the former camp, then welcome! Due to some common questions and concerns about our city (lol), here are all of my unabashedly honest answers. I hope you find them satisfactory.

What Should I Eat?

This is where I cite that Ithaca has more restaurants per capita than New York City, a fact that shocks most people until they realize what “per capita” means. So, yes: you get a restaurant, and you get a restaurant, and you… But more importantly, they’re all good – at least, according to the general population here. This is a problem because you want a recommendation and everyone will recommend a different restaurant until all 20 of our establishments are named (okay, so there are more than 20, but seriously Ithaca is not that big). To rectify this, I present my totally objective and not-at-all controversial take on our finest fare:
Fine Dining
Mid-Range Dining, a.k.a. All Sorts of Stuff
Cheapish Eats

Where Should I Drink?

As a college town with a strong local economy, Ithaca has no shortage of bars. I’m torn on whether to sort these by location, aesthetic, or theme, but I’ll do some combination of the latter two. Note that this list only includes bars, and not restaurants that also have bars (of which I’ll give a quick shout-out to Simeon’s, Monk’s, Red’s, Rulloff’s, Maxie’s, Zaza’s, and pretty much any other possessive apostrophe).
Swanky Hipster Bars
Hm. Actually, that’s it. I guess we’re not a very swanky town after all.
College-Townie Mix/Regular Bars for Cool People
Townie Dive Bars

What To Do

Live Music: If there’s one thing you can probably rely on for any given weekend, it’s that there will be music somewhere. The trick is finding where. Ithaca has a lot of local bands—perhaps too many local bands—so there’s that. They will be probably be playing in one of these locales:
Theatre and the Arts: Note how we spell “theatre” here. This means we’re serious. We have quite a few artsy venues around, so check ‘em out:
Museums and Smart Stuff:
Wineries and Alcohol
Hiking and Trails
Ithaca is obviously known for its nature and trails, so I’ll try to make this as simple as possible if you need to pick a spot in a pinch. Better yet, just go to this website that lists and explains every single trail much better than I could. But to summarize:
General Fun & Leisure
submitted by srslymrarm to ithaca [link] [comments]

Heroes of the Dorm 2018 - Recruitment Thread

Heroes of the Dorm 2018 - Recruitment Thread

Edit: 2/4 - updated incomplete teams list

Hey everyone! I’m Patrick, the head admin for Heroes of the Dorm, I wanted to create this thread for ease of access to signups for this year's competition. We have a smaller registration window this year, where registration is ending on February 5th! Feel free to use this list as a way to find other players from your school. If you’re already slated to compete this year - Good luck!

How to Sign up
Check the list below or go to the tournament's sign up page. If you have successfully registered your account on compete, then all available teams from your school will be listed there. If you still don’t see a team, create one and others from your school who navigate to this page will see your team!
Requirements:
  1. Be a full time college student in the United States or Canada
  2. Join up with 4 students from your school
  3. Play Heroes of the Storm
Disclaimer:
This list includes incomplete teams and is up to date as of 2/4/2018 at 7:00 pm PT - if you see your school on this list and want to sign up, try contacting the captain through Blizzard Battle.net. They may have other members in mind, so don’t take offense if they don’t add you!

What’s different this year?

We’ve heard your feedback and have made some reworks to our previous format and prizing that we believe will make your player experience significantly better.
  1. Updating Regional breakdowns: We split up teams into smaller groups to promote regional rivalries and play. Every match matters!
  2. Deeper Prizing: With the addition of Regional Championships, each region has its own prize pool. Players who don’t make the round of 64 Championship Bracket still have a shot at some sweet Blizzard Battle.net prizing, and will receive the participation prize of in-game digital items. This gives everyone more chances at more epic loot!
  3. New Regular Season Format: Teams will be assigned 2 weekly matches for the first five weeks of the tournament. One within their region and one outside of it. Teams will see how they stack up nationally, while at the same time fighting their regional rivals. The top overall performing teams will be placed into the Ro64 Championship bracket alongside each regional champion.
  4. Open Ladder: Last year we implemented our one team per school rule during the regular season. We still are upholding this rule, but are supporting an open ladder for multiple teams from the same school. We will run this parallel open division alongside the regular tournament for those players who want to get the digital participation prizing and still play relevant weekly matches. Think of this as your junior varsity league, where you can train up potential players to represent your school in the future.
tl;dr we’ve restructured prizing, promoted regional play, and are back on Twitch!

Upcoming Dates

Useful Links

Current Incomplete Teams

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

V

W

Y

submitted by Tespa_Patrick to heroesofthestorm [link] [comments]

Hotel in Niagara Falls NY

Hotel in Niagara Falls NY
Hotel in Niagara Falls NY
Lots of people are looking for an affordable hotel in Niagara Falls NY. It’s no surprise. This touristy area is home to one of the great wonders of the world and can be pricey when it comes to accommodations. But here’s a secret to getting the most for your money: Select Days Inn Niagara Falls for a great experience at an unexpectedly pleasing price.

https://preview.redd.it/ohosr83fuh941.jpg?width=1800&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=0acff949a5e24848c733529b670a2e3b845841f6
It’s also right when your travel plans call for an affordable choice of Buffalo NY hotels, since this city is very close by. In fact, they share an airport, and this Days Inn makes an excellent place to stay when you’re wanting Niagara Falls hotels with IAG Airport shuttle where you can relax in comfort with a good array of amenities that don’t unnecessarily pad the bill.
What has you looking for Niagara Falls NY hotels? It is a pleasure trip to see the falls and everything that goes with it? Or is it business? This is the best overall hotel Niagara Falls, New York has available no matter your reason for needing to stay in the area.
If you’re on a pleasure trip and have experienced the falls before, you may want to spend some of your time enjoying the area’s many other fun and important attractions. You’ll do well if you make this Days Inn your selection when seeking Buffalo hotels near Aquarium of Niagara. It’s also a good place to stay when you’re wanting a hotel near Seneca Niagara Casino or another local gaming property.
There’s never a shortage of things to see and do in the Niagara Falls area – even if business is your primary reason for visiting the area. For a great time, visit the Niagara-Buffalo area – and for a pleasant stay, spend every night at Days Inn. Please book right away for the best deal.
submitted by daysinnniagarafalls to u/daysinnniagarafalls [link] [comments]

"Marching orders kept Buffalo cops from arresting child-molesting priests", BuffaloNews, May 19 2019

source : https://buffalonews.com/2019/05/19/why-buffalos-child-molesting-priests-werent-arrested/

" Marching orders kept Buffalo cops from arresting child-molesting priests

(Photo in article : Some of the Catholic priests who served in the Buffalo Diocese and were accused of molesting children.)
By Dan HerbeckPublished May 19, 2019|Updated June 10, 2019
Hardly any of the more than 100 Buffalo area priests implicated as child molesters spent so much as one day in jail.
For years, most of their victims were too scared or embarrassed to make complaints.
But Buffalo Police had marching orders not to arrest Catholic priests, according to former vice squad Detective Martin Harrington and other retired officers. Instead they alerted the bishop’s office to any illegal activities.
“The department’s unwritten policy was that Catholic priests did not get arrested,” said Harrington, who investigated vice crimes for 17 years and retired in 1995. “I never had any experience with priests who molested children. I never heard of any priests molesting children. But we had priests we caught with pornography, or masturbating in the city parks, and our orders were to turn them over to the Buffalo Diocese. The diocese would deal with them … but they would not be arrested.”
The policy “only extended to Catholic priests,” Harrington recalled. “If we caught clergy from other religions, we arrested them.”
Harrington’s recollection was echoed by his former vice squad lieutenant, Martin Jurewicz.
When I joined the vice squad in 1968, the department had just changed its policy on priests. You used to just let them go. Starting around 1968, when you picked up a priest, you had to call the bishop’s office,” recalled Jurewicz, who retired in 2002. “The bishop’s office would send someone to pick up the priest. No arrest was made. The diocese handled these problems.”
Harrington was one of several retired Buffalo officers who told The Buffalo News they don't recall the diocese ever reporting a priest to their department for molesting a child.
In 2003, a year after a clergy abuse scandal erupted in Boston, the Buffalo Diocese signed an agreement with district attorneys in Western New York promising for the first time to report to the prosecutors any allegations against priests involving sexual misconduct of minors.
But The News could find no record of Buffalo Police ever charging a priest with molesting a child in the past 50 years.
The News found only one Buffalo Diocese clergyman in the past 50 years criminally charged with molesting children anywhere in Western New York.
That was Rev. Gerald C. Jasinski, a former Lancaster priest arrested in 1986 by the Wyoming County Sheriff’s Department. Jasinski was accused of having sexual contact with two male teenagers – 15 and 18 – in a cabin. He pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor of attempted sexual abuse and was put on probation for five years.
Like Harrington, Jurewicz, the retired vice squad lieutenant, said he never knowingly turned loose a child molester. They said the priests they encountered were caught with pornography or in compromising positions with other adults.
“I’m Catholic. This is the way things were done,” Jurewicz said. “It’s easy to say in retrospect that we shouldn’t have done it that way.”
A former Buffalo Police captain, also retired, recalled an incident from the 1970s in South Buffalo, when a man and woman showed up at a police station to accuse a priest of molesting their son. Two detectives were assigned to investigate.
They turned up enough information to lend credence to the parents’ claim, the former captain said, but the priest was not arrested.
“All that happened is that he was transferred immediately to another parish,” said the retired captain, who spoke on the condition that his name would not be published. “It was a horrible thing. If this happened today, I would make sure it was handled differently. We should have been arresting these people.”
An internal Buffalo Diocese document obtained by The News states that Buffalo Police found the Rev. David Bialkowski in a parked car with a 16-year-old boy twice in one night in December 1994. Police filed no charges and found “no inappropriate activity” was occurring, according to the report, but police did report the incident to the diocese in February 1995.
Sixteen years after that, the Buffalo Diocese removed Bialkowski from ministry based on “a series of allegations” about his conduct, including the 1994 incident, the diocese document said.
Last year, Bialkowski was among the former and current priests that the diocese listed as having been “credibly accused” of sexual misconduct with minors.
According to Harrington and another retired officer, the department’s unwritten rule exempting Catholic priests from arrest was changed when R. Gil Kerlikowske became the Buffalo Police commissioner in 1994.
Kerlikowske said he doesn’t recall specifically giving that order. “But when I came into the department as an outsider, I made it clear that we were going to operate on a level playing field with situations like that,” he said. “No more special favors to certain groups of people."

Diocese didn't tell police

Kerlikowske said he believes the diocese kept complaints about molester priests “in house” rather than reporting such incidents to police.
During his nearly five years as commissioner, Kerlikowske said he never heard of a single allegation of any priest molesting a child in the city of Buffalo.
“Something that serious, if it had been reported to our detectives, would have come to my attention,” Kerlikowske, now living in Charleston, S.C., told The News. “I believe the church hierarchy would deal with these things themselves as opposed to going to police. It’s only in recent years that people are finding out that things were not being done properly.”
In response to a Freedom of Information Law request from The News, Buffalo Police checked their records to see if any incidents of sexual abuse or misconduct by priests have been reported in the past 10 years. Police said no such reports were made by Buffalo Diocese officials.
When asked by The News if there are records prior to 10 years ago of diocese officials reporting molester priests to the Buffalo Police Sex Offenses Squad, the department’s current leaders declined to comment.
(Photo in article : More priests who served in the Buffalo Diocese who were accused of molesting children. )

Victims often didn't tell

Many of the victims waited years – and quite often, decades – to report their abuse to anyone. By the time they did report it, New York’s statute of limitations on criminal prosecutions made it impossible to press charges.
“In those days, no one could imagine that a priest would ever do such a thing. You were afraid that no one would believe you, and you’d be a laughing stock if you told anyone,” said Larry Kasper, 64, who alleges that he was molested as a teenager by two Buffalo priests who are now deceased, Linus Hennessy and William F.J. White. “Hennessy punched me between the legs one time, so hard that I started to cry. He told me, ‘If you ever tell anyone about this, this will only be the beginning of what happens to you.’ I never said a word to anyone for almost 50 years.”
Other sex abuse victims said they told church officials, but their accusations were ignored.
Christopher Szuflita, a former altar boy who alleges that he was repeatedly molested by Rev. Joseph Friel of West Seneca, remembers what happened in 1970 when he and his father went to tell their pastor, the late Msgr. Martin Ebner, about the sexual abuse.
“The pastor screamed at us, called me a liar, and threatened to have me and my father excommunicated from the Catholic Church,” said Szuflita, now 66.
The diocese did not publicly say Friel had been credibly accused of sexual abusing a minor until decades later, in 2018.
New York State laws made it easy for church officials to keep abuse complaints out of the public eye, because church officials are not “mandated reporters” who are required to report suspected child abuse, unlike school principals, guidance counselors, social workers and many other professionals who work with children.
“I was sexually assaulted by Father Michael Freeman, in 1980. I finally got my courage up and reported it to the Buffalo Diocese in 1984,” said Niagara Falls attorney Paul K. Barr. “I was reporting a felony sex crime. The diocese should have reported it immediately to the police."
State Assemblywoman Monica Piga Wallace, D-Lancaster, recently proposed a bill to make pastors and other church officials mandated reporters.
“We can only imagine how many incidents would have been uncovered if priests, bishops and all church officials were mandated reporters,” Wallace said. “If we don’t close this loophole, it’s going to happen many times again.”
The Buffalo Diocese would support making priests mandated reporters of child abuse "so long as the seal of the confessional continues to be respected as it has been for centuries," said Kathy Spangler, a spokeswoman for Bishop Richard J. Malone.

Some priests arrested

Buffalo Police did arrest a local priest in 1999, when the Rev. Benedict P. Barszcz was charged with exposing himself to two teenage girls on an East Side street corner. In that case, two Amherst Police detectives who happened to be in the neighborhood took Barszcz into custody and turned him over to Buffalo officers. Court records on the incident are sealed, making the outcome of the case a secret.
Between the years 1994 and 2005, several Buffalo Diocese priests were prosecuted criminally. A Depew priest was arrested by Town of Tonawanda police after two incidents in Ellicott Creek Park involving adult victims, one involving public lewdness and another involving sexual assault. A Lackawanna priest and a Buffalo priest were arrested on drug charges by federal agents. A priest from Varysburg in Wyoming County was sent to federal prison for possession of child pornography.
Western New York is not the only community where criminal convictions of molester priests are exceedingly rare.
Last year, Pennsylvania authorities completed a massive investigation into clergy abuse there. Attorney General Josh Shapiro(Jesuit trained) said the probe uncovered “credible evidence” that at least 301 priests abused more than 1,000 victims over a period of 70 years. Only three of those priests have been criminally prosecuted.
Shapiro blamed the lack of prosecutions on “a systematic cover-up” by senior church officials, but he also said some law enforcement officials helped to cover up the crimes.

Diocese deal with DAs

In 2003, the Buffalo Diocese signed an agreement with the district attorneys in the eight counties in the diocese, promising to report to the prosecutors any allegations against priests involving sexual misconduct of minors.
"The diocese has complied with its reporting duties," said Spangler, the bishop's spokeswoman.
"The diocese does not pressure police, district attorneys, or other law enforcement agencies not to prosecute claims of sexual abuse of minors," she wrote. "To the contrary, the diocese reports claims in accordance with the agreement, and the diocesan victim assistance coordinator encourages victim-survivors to report their abuse to law enforcement."
She suggested one reason why there have been very few prosecutions of priests in Western New York since 2000 is that there have been no allegations about priests sexually abusing children since then.
"In fact, of the 191 cases reported in our most recent annual audit, not one case involved abuse that occurred since 2000," she wrote.

Child Victims Act

The statute of limitations for prosecutions has been a great help to many child molesters in New York and other states, said Florina Altshiler, a Buffalo attorney and former sex crimes prosecutor.
The Child Victims Act that was passed by state lawmakers in January will help that situation somewhat, Altshiler said. Childhood victims of sexual abuse had until they were 23 to report the incidents to police. The new law allows prosecutions of cases that are reported before the victim turns 28.
But in cases all over the country, victims were so embarrassed and scared that many waited 30 years or longer before they reported the incidents to anyone, even their loved ones, said Stacey Benson, a Minnesota attorney who has represented dozens of clergy abuse victims.
Michael F. Whalen Jr., 53, waited nearly four decades to tell anyone Rev. Norbert F. Orsolits sexually abused him as a child.
“When Orsolits molested me, he told me, ‘Don’t tell your mom, don’t tell anyone about this,’ ” Whalen said. “He warned me that God would punish my mom. I believed him. I was scared.”"
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Buffalo 2075

Some of you may remember me asking about world building for the 6th world.. well I created a history for Buffalo in 2075 starting from the 2000's.
IF YOU'RE PART OF ARTEMIS-UB, DO NOT READ THIS. Minor spoilers involved. You'll get a redacted version.
I'd appreciate any feedback from those who want to take the time to read it. If you just enjoy the read that's awesome too!
EDIT: I need to give lots of credit to The Shadowrun Supplemental #16, A Shadowtourist's Guide to Buffalo (https://the-eye.eu/public/Books/rpg.rem.uz/Shadowrun/Magazines/The%20Shadowrun%20Supplemental/TSS%20-%2016.pdf). Lots of inspiration came from that.
===== Introduction =====
Buffalo became a full-fledged city in 1832. The city began as a boomtown on the Erie Canal and it soon became a major hub for sea traffic and shipping by rail. The hard economic times of the 20th century soon slowed Buffalo's growth to a trickle, but with the new millennium came new growth and new opportunities for the Queen City. Greater Buffalo and Niagara Falls make up a large portion of the Toronto-BuffaloSyracuse Metropolitan Corridor (TBSM).
The city of Buffalo alone boasts over a million in population, with most of the expected facilities. Institutions of higher learning include the UCAS University at Buffalo and Buffalo State College. Numerous state, city and county parks and easy access to beaches on Lake Erie and Ontario provide yearround opportunities for sports and recreation.
Western New York fans enjoy seeing Sabres games during the season. Buffalo is also home to the Buffalo Bisons (AAA baseball), Buffalo Stampede (Combat Biking), and Buffalo Destroyers (Urban Brawl). Skiers and snowmobilers have up to a dozen excellent resorts for winter fun between 10 and 60 miles of the Greater Buffalo area.
===== 2000 - 2010 =====
=== 2001 - === Grand Island has a two day blackout when all tranformers burst within 10 minutes of each other. Blames faulty grid.
=== 2005 - === Earthquake levels Manhattan. Causes economic growth in Buffalo. NFTA expands greatly in public transportation with the influx of people.
=== 2006 - === Buffalo moves for state to increase size of Buffalo proper to include the surounding suburbs of Amherst and Cheektowaga. It is accepted with very popular approval of the city folk. Buffalo offers tax cuts for construction of Downtown buildings. University at Buffalo and Buffalo State plan growth to accomidate influx of population from NYC. NFTA continues expansion with funding to have lines to UB North and Buffalo State.
=== 2009 - === State grants former Seneca Indian Reservation to Shiawase Corporation, which purchased Niaga Power Authority earlier this year. Shiawase purchases NFTA. Power fluctuations begin occuring on Grand Island.
=== 2010 - === Buffalo quarentines itself during VITAS outbreak in India. Protests occur around the city. Economic growth comes to a standstill. A criminal underground starts to surface.
=== 2011 - === Protests turn to riots as the quarentine stays. Buffalo Bills are sold to Rochester. Criminal Underground begins to grow in South Buffalo. Unemployment drops by 20% in North Buffalo.
== Dec 24 == Grand Island becomes uninhabitable 1st day: trees in the area grew overnight by almost 2 feet in diameter. 2nd day: wildlife all over the place seemed to just appear overnight. People begin to leave. 3rd day: All transformers explode overnight. State of emergency declared and population begins evacuation. 4th day: The land suddenly begins to change. Land raises and lowers, houses are split in half. Panic ensues. 5th day: Gigantic trees appear. Paracritters also begin to show up. Some friendly, some not so much. 6th day: Grand Island is no longer livable. Buffalo declares no trespassing without government allowance. 7th day: National Guard is sent in to investigate. 24 go in and are never heard or seen again. 14th day: After a 2/3rd majority vote, all bridges connected to Grand Island are destroyed.
=== 2012 - === Quarentine is lifted from the City. Buffalo avoids major devestation from VITAS. Buffalo offers to suspend property tax for 5 years to corps willing to build downtown. Ares Macrotechnology Tower is built downtown as a twin, spiralling spire. Spans six square block area on the waterfront. Grand Island starts to look like something out of a fantasy novel. UGE causes panic in Southtowns. Many UGE babies sent down niagara river. New Era field is abandoned.
=== 2014 - === Mitsuhama Computer Technologies purchases Toshiba and absorbs it. Begins construction of more research labs downtown. Shiawase begins continuation of NFTA lines.
=== 2015 - === Fuchi Industrial Electronics and Renraku Computer systems begin constructing compounds downtown. New Era Field starts to gain a homeless population.
=== 2017 - === UB and Buffalo State begin taking in more students with sponsorships from the megacorps. Shiawase purchases UB North Campus. Still part of University at Buffalo. Focuses on Engineering and Computer Technologies.
Shiawase continues NFTA lines.
Oro begins constructing a compound downtown. Purchases Grand Island from Buffalo and gains extraterritoriality of it. Economy of Buffalo is recovering.
=== 2018 - === Treaty of Denver causes large migration of people from Canada. Lockport sees large economy boost from migration. Many housing buildings are purchased by Shiawase and renovated. NFTA lines begin extension to Lockport.
Shiawase purchases Boring Company. Shiawase purchases NYC Subway system. Shiawase begins construction of tunnel from Buffalo -> Rochester -> Syracuse -> Albany -> New York City.
Police give up trying to remove homeless population from New Era Field.
=== 2021 - === Goblinization rocks Buffalo. Hard. Buffalo goes into a state of emergency for 3 days. New Era Field becomes a safe haven for all Metatypes. Becomes central of black market and smuggling.
Mayor gives a speech after about how we must be accepting of others in these hard times and how all people are equal. This was promptly followed by his head exploding like a water melon. Panic follows the city even more after this. Ares is contracted out by Buffalo to handle the rioting and mayhem. Curfew is put into effect on the people. Violence slowly went down.
Tunnel to Rochester is completed. Tunnel to Albany is completed.
=== 2022 - === Ares Arms Military Division is officially hired as the local police force. Protests happen from Police Officers which leads to many "accidental deaths". Bullet trains between Buffalo and Rochester is created. 20 minute travel time. Bullet trains between NYC and Albany is created. 30 minute travel time.
Oro becomes Aztechnology. Aztechnology purchases UB South Campus. Still part of University at Buffalo. Focuses on Magical Studies
Buffalo gets hit by VITAS this time around. Lockport gets hit hard.
=== 2023 - === Ares Macrotechnology buys up land in Lockport to build a manufacturing plant.
Kaleida Health purchases Roswell Medical Center. Builds more medical centers downtown.
=== 2026 - === Tunnel to Syracuse is completed on both sides Ares manufacturing plant is created. Lots of people from Rochester and Syracuse end up working there.
Kaleida Health purchases UB Downtown Campus.
=== 2027 - === Bullet trains between Rochester and Syracuse is created. 20 minute travel time. Bullet trains between Albany and Syracuse is created. 30 minute travel time.
Aztechnology sends researchers with proper magic defenses into Grand Island. The bodies are found in the screens of Niagara Power Plant.
=== 2029 - ===
== Crash of 29 == A single NFTA subway is destroyed from the Crash Virus. 200 people were killed. Buffalo sends researchers to help combat the Crash Virus. They're never heard from again. Massive protests happen over companies shutting down. Ares combats with force. Governement closes the City. Businesses hurt due to commuters. New Era Field gains a larger presence in the city as smuggling and protection becomes more needed. Dubbed [[Locations:The Grid Iron|The Grid Iron]]
=== 2030 - === With the formation of UCAS, Buffalo acquires Fort Erie, Ontario and the western side of Niagara Falls. Shiawase immediately begins building tunnels in those districts. Fort Erie was recognized as one of Newsweeks Magazine's 10 worst places to live due to its high population, high crime rate, and undesirable businesses. Fort Erie is filled with Casinos, Strip Clubs, sports and music venues, and bars. Dubbed "Little Vegas in the East"
Kaleida Health purchases more places downtown. Growing into a megacorp.
Aztechnology attempts some ritual around Grand Island. During the ritual, each one was struck by lightning at the exact same time. The lightning jumped out from the middle of the island.
Buffalo economy booms more. Many new businesses spring up in Medical, Science, and Engineering fields.
=== 2037 - === Kaleida Health becomes AA corporation.
=== 2039 - === Night of Rage - Metahumans protest discrimination. Protesters are met with gunfire. Gunfire is returned. Hundreds are killed. Tensions rise high between Amherst and North Buffalo. Ares is blamed for letting this happen.
=== 2040 - === Ares loses Police Contract to Lone Star. Ares seems to leave with a smile.
Kaleida Health builds a massive medical health and research center. The building is shaped like an H, with the center piece 20 stories up.
=== 2047 - === Branch of Humanis Policlub is founded in Amherst.
=== 2063 - === Horizon builds an office building downtown.
submitted by n3rf_herder to Shadowrun [link] [comments]

is seneca niagara closing video

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